Of all the particles in Mingo, there are three which occur most
frequently right before nouns.  These are the phrase marker particle
«ne», and the two Demonstraive particles «nêkê» and «huikê».
 

6.1. The Phrase Marker Particle ne

This is the most basic of the three particles.  It has no real
translation equivalent in English, but more often than not, when you see
a noun in a Mingo sentence, it will have «ne» in front of it.  For
example, «ne kaháta'» "forest, the forest, a forest, forests"; «ne
kahsikwææ'» "fork, the fork, a fork, forks"; «ne unö'kææ'» "horn, the
horn, a horn, horns".

It can be used before all forms of the noun.  For example, «ne kahatakô»
"in the forest";  «ne kahsikwææ'shö'ö»  "forks"; «ne unö'kææ'keshö» "on
the horns".
 

6.2. The Demonstrative Particle nêkê

The Demonstrative particle «nêkê» serves to pick out a particular member
of a group of similar or identical people or objects.  Typically, it
picks out one which is close to the speaker, and so it is usually
translated into English as "this".  It always occurs before the noun
that it goes with.  For example, «nêkê ka'sehta'» "this car" ; «nêkê
káyatöshæ'» "this book";  «nêkê u'niskáá'» "this wheel".

This particle can also occur before the Plural Form of Nouns.  In
English, we need to change "this" to "these" when talking about Plural
Nouns, but in Mingo «nêkê» can be used for both.  For example, «nêkê
ka'sehta'shö'ö» "these cars"; «nêkê káyatöshæ'shö'ö» "these books";
«nêkê u'niskææ'shö'ö» "these wheels".

You will sometimes see «nêkê» and «ne» together before a Noun.  For
example, «nêkê ne ka'sehta'» "this car"; «nêkê ne káyatöshæ'» "this
book"; «nêkê ne u'niskáá'» "this wheel".

Note that «nêkê» also occurs in a shortened form, «nê», with the same
meaning and distribution as the longer form.
 

6.3. The Demonstrative Particle huikê

Just like «nêkê», the Demonstrative Particle «huikê» picks out a
particular Noun.  However, with «huikê», it is typically one which is
further away from the speaker, and so it is usually translated in
English as "that".  It also always occurs before the Noun that it goes
with.  For example, «huikê katsi'káya'» "that chair"; «huikê ahtahkwa'»
"that shoe"; «huikê ushaista'» "that snake".

It can also occur together with «ne» before a Noun.  For example, «huikê
ne katsi'káya'» "that chair"; «huikê ne ahtahkwa'» "that shoe"; «huikê
ne ushaista'» "that snake".

And it can also occur with the Plural Form of Nouns, where in English we
would use the word "those".  For example, «huikê katsi'káya'shö'ö»
"those chairs"; «huikê ahtahkwa'shö'ö» "those shoes"; «huikê
ushaista'shö'ö» "those snakes".