The Optative Prefix occurs in six different forms: aa-, aay-, áá-,
ae-,
aaya- and aaw-. The examples in this chapter are based on the
following
C-Stem Verb Stems:
Interactive: -wënëë't talk to someone
(about something) pnc
Agent: -wënëë't talk about something pnc
Patient: -wënëë'tôôk
kept talking about something statcont
34.1. The Optative Form aa-
The aa- form of the Optative Prefix occurs before:
(1) all prefixes which start with an -h- followed by
a vowel;
(2) all k-initial prefixes, except ku- "it does something
to her";
(3) all sh-initial and sk-initial prefixes;
(4) the prefix wati- "they all (fn) do something to
it";
(5) and the prefix ye- "she does something to it".
Note that when aa- combines with the prefixes beginning with an -h-
followed by a vowel, the -h- of the Pronominal Prefix drops out.
ha-
aaa- aaawënëë't
he might talk about it
hak-
aaak- aaakwënëë't
he might talk about it to me
hakö-
aaakö- aaaköwënêê't
he might talk about it to them (dpm)
hati-
aaati- aaatiwënêê't
they all (m) might talk about it
he-
aae- aaewënëë't
I might talk about it to him
hehs-
aaehs- aaehswënëë't
you might talk about it to him
hök-
aaök- aaökwënëë't
they two (m) might talk about it to me
hösa-
aaösa- aaösawënêê't
they two (m) might talk about it to you
höwö-
aaöwö- aaöwöwënêê't
he might talk about it to him
höwöti-
aaöwöti- aaöwötiwënëë't
she might talk about it to them (dpm)
hu
aau- aauwënëë'tôôk
he might have kept talking about it
huti-
aauti- aautiwënëë'tôôk
they (dpm) might've kept talking about it
k-
aak- aakwënêê't
I might talk about it
ka-
aaka- aakawënëë't
it might talk about it
khe-
aakhe- aakhewënëë't
I might talk about it to her
kni- (1) aakni-
aakniwënëë't they two (fn)
might talk about it
kni- (2) aakni-
aakniwënëë't I might talk
about it to you two
kö-
aakö- aaköwënëë't
I might talk about it to you
köwö-
aaköwö- aaköwöwënêê't
it might talk about it to it
köwöti-
aaköwöti- aaköwötiwënëë't
she might talk about it to them (dpfn)
kwa-
aakwa- aakwawënëë't
I might talk about it to you all
shakni- aashakni-
aashakniwënêê't we two (excl) might talk about
it to him
shaku- aashaku-
aashakuwënêê't he might talk about it
to her
shakuti- aashakuti-
aashakutiwënëë't they two (m) might talk about it
to her
shakwa- aashakwa-
aashakwawënêê't we all (excl) might talk about
it to him
she-
aashe- aashewënëë't
you might talk about it to her
shehni- aashehni-
aashehniwënêê't we two (incl) might talk about
it to him
shesni- aashesni-
aashesniwënêê't he might talk about it to
you two
sheswa- aasheswa-
aasheswawënêê't he might talk about it to
you all
shetwa- aashetwa-
aashetwawënêê't we all (incl) might talk about
it to him
shökni- aashökni-
aashökniwënêê't he might talk about it
to us two
shökwa- aashökwa-
aashökwawënêê't he might talk about it
to us all
sk-
aask- aaskwënêê't
you might talk about it to me
skni-
aaskni- aaskniwënëë't
you might talk about it to us two
skwa-
aaskwa- aaskwawënëë't
you might talk about it to us all
wati-
aawati- aawatiwënêê't
they all (fn) might talk about it
ye-
aaye- aayewënëë't
she might talk about it
34.2. The Optative Form aay-
The aay- form of the Optative Prefix occurs before all vowel-initial
prefixes except ak- "it does something to me".
akhi- aayakhi-
aayakhiwënêê't we two (excl)
might talk about it to her
akni- aayakni-
aayakniwënêê't we two (excl)
might talk about it
akwa- aayakwa-
aayakwawënêê't we all (excl)
might talk about it
esa- aayesa-
aayesawënêê't she
might talk about it to you
ethi- aayethi-
aayethiwënêê't we two (incl)
might talk about it to her
ethsi- aayethsi-
aayethsiwënêê't she might talk
about it to you two
ök-
aayök- aayökwënëë't
she might talk about it to me
ökhi- aayökhi-
aayökhiwënêê't she
might talk about it to us two
ökni- aayökni-
aayökniwënëë'tôôk we two might
have kept talking about it
ökwa- aayökwa-
aayökwawënëë'tôôk we all might
have kept talking about it
u-
aayu- aayuwënëë'tôôk
it might have kept talking about it
uti- aayuti-
aayutiwënëë'tôôk they (dpfn)
might have kept talking about it
34.3. The Optative Form áá-
The áá- form of the Optative Prefix occurs before:
(1) the prefix hni- (2) "they two (m) does something
to it";
(2) and the prefix ya- "he does something to you".
Note that when áá- combines with hni- (2), the initial
-h- of the
Pronominal Prefix drops out.
hni- (2) ááni-
áániwënëë't they two (m) might
talk about it
ya-
ááya- ááyawënëë't
he might talk about it to you
34.4. The Optative Form ae-
The ae- form of the Optative Prefix occurs before:
(1) the prefix hni- (1) "we two (incl) do something
to it";
(2) the remaining s-initial prefixes;
(3) and the prefix twa- "we all (incl) do something
to it".
hni- (1) aehni-
aehniwënëë't we two (incl)
might talk about it
s-
aes- aeswënêê't
you might talk about it
sa-
aesa- aesawënëë'tôôk
you might have kept talking about it
sni- (1) aesni-
aesniwënëë't you two might
talk about it
sni- (2) aesni-
aesniwënëë'tôôk you two might have
kept talking about it
swa- (1) aeswa-
aeswawënëë't you all might
talk about it
swa- (2) aeswa-
aeswawënëë'tôôk you all might have
kept talking about it
twa-
aetwa- aetwawënëë't
we all (incl) might talk about it
34.5. The Optative Form aaya-
The aaya- form of the Optative Prefix occurs before the prefix ku- "it
does something to her".
ku- aayaku- aayakuwënëë'tôôk
she might have kept talking about it
34.6. The Optative Form aaw-
The aaw- form of the Optative Prefix occurs before the prefix ak- "it
does something to me".
ak- aawak- aawakwënëë'tôôk
I might have kept talking about it
34.7. Summary
The three tables below provide a summary of the forms of the Optative
+
Pronominal prefixes. The first table covers those prefixes for
singular
Agents.
I
you he
she it
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
reflexive aask-
aaak- aayök-
aawak-
| me
aakö-
reflexive ááya-
aayesa- aesa-
| you
aae-
aaehs- aaöwö-
aaöwö- aau-
| him
aakhe-
aashe- aashaku- ?
aayaku-
| her
aak-
aes- aaa-
aaye- aaka-/aayu-/aaköwö-
| it
reflexive aaskni-
aashökni- aayökhi- aayökni-
| us two
aakni-
reflexive aashesni- aayethsi- aesni-
| you two
reflexive aaskwa-
aashökwa- aayökhi- aayökwa-
| us all
aakwa-
reflexive aasheswa- aayethsi- aeswa-
| you all
aakhe-
aashe- aaakö-
aaöwöti- aauti-
| them (m)
aakhe-
aashe- aaakö-
aaköwöti- aayuti-
| them (fn)
This second table shows the prefixes for dual Agents.
you and I s/he and I
you two they two (m) they two (fn)
-----------------------------------------------------------------------
reflexive reflexive
aaskni- aaök-
aaök- | me
reflexive aakni-
reflexive aaösa- aaösa-
| you
aashehni- aashakni-
aashesni- aaöwö-
aaöwö- | him
aayethi- aayakhi-
aayethsi- aashakuti- ?
| her
aehni-
aayakni- aesni- ááni-
aakni- | it
reflexive reflexive
aaskni- aayökhi- aayökhi-
| us two
reflexive aakni-
reflexive aayethsi- aayethsi-
| you two
reflexive reflexive
aaskwa- aayökhi- aayökhi-
| us all
reflexive aakwa-
reflexive aayethsi- aayethsi-
| you all
aayethi- aayakhi-
aayethsi- aaöwöti- aaöwöti-
| them (m)
aayethi- aayakhi-
aayethsi- aaköwöti- aaköwöti-
| them (fn)
Lastly, this third table shows the prefixes for plural Agents.
y'all and I they and I y'all
they all (m) they all (fn)
-----------------------------------------------------------------------
reflexive reflexive
aaskwa- aaök-
aaök- | me
reflexive aakwa-
reflexive aaösa- aaösa-
| you
aashetwa- aashakwa-
aasheswa- aaöwö-
aaöwö- | him
aayethi- aayakhi-
aayethsi- aashakuti- ?
| her
aetwa-
aayakwa- aeswa- aaati-
aawati- | it
reflexive reflexive
aaskwa- aayökhi- aayökhi-
| us two
reflexive aakwa-
reflexive aayethsi- aayethsi-
| you two
reflexive reflexive
aaskwa- aayökhi- aayökhi-
| us all
reflexive aakwa-
reflexive aayethsi- aayethsi-
| you all
aayethi- aayakhi-
aayethsi- aaöwöti- aaöwöti-
| them (m)
aayethi- aayakhi-
aayethsi- aaköwöti- aaköwöti-
| them (fn)