Making a Basket

2 Ne' ëtwötyéët ëhsyëtihsák ne' kanyö yeötakwææsös ki'shë'.
First find a white or black ash.

3 Atúkë' ehsyææ'ta'k ëhsetsíwët tuskë awôtyô katúkê niyu'hasték ëhsetsíwët nikaötés.
Use the hammer part of the ax to pound the log. Pound these laps close together the length of the log.

4 Kanyu' ëthsateyëös ëhsyëtakwaás wíyú nâ shô ëtwötkææ' tëwötekhahsi' khu.
When you pound it right, the splints will peel and come apart.

5 Ta unë ne' úwë'kææ' ëhsatesyönyánô' kakanya'shæ' ëhsyææ'ta'k ëhsawíyus tetsaökwá nö'wôti úwë'kææ'.
Then take the splints and smooth them with a knife on both sides.

6 Ta unë tëhswë'kæænethahsi'.
Then take the splints apart.

7 Ëhsestya'k ne kë'tôwë' ne ka'ashæ'.
Cut them up into the size for the basket bottom.

8 Tekní skaé' níyô sha'tewatakwëhtëôk tyuhtô níyô sha'tewatakëhtö's.
Take twelve broad strips by nine strips and weave the bottom and base of the basket.

9 Ëhsestya'k niwatakwëhtasyöök'aa ëwöthwatase'töôk ne kë'tôwë'.
Cut up narrow strips to work around the bottom of the basket.

10 Ëhsathwatáse' ne' ësyææ'ta'k niwatakwëhta's'aa niyúwe' si nö'téyô sehesöôk.
Weave enough strips to make the basket as deep as you want it.

11 Kanyu' ëhsates'á' nö'téyô sehés ëhsnö'skeutút níyô néwa' ti ëthsuwæku'hae', ta unë tëthsekwathu'.
When you have it as high as you want it, cut a little notch on each standing splint, trim them off, bend back and tuck inside.

12 Ta unë tëhsata'ënöë' usthô ëkatësöôk tsyukæækás ökye astékwá khu.
Bind the inside and outside with thicker hickory.

13 Ta unë ëhsathwatáse' kakwékö ëkayénô' niwatakwëhta'aa.
Then bind all together all around with a narrow strip.

14 Tsyukæækás kasyönya'tö' ne atáshæ.
The handle is made of hickory.

Glossary

ne' -- [particle]

néwa' -- now, this time

ëtwathyúwi' -- we will tell about it

ë- Future prefix, -tw- IpA/A prefix, -athyuwi- tell about something [Simple]

nëkayeôk -- how it will be done

në- Partitive + Future prefixes, -ka- NsA/C prefix, -ye- do something [K-Stative] Note that this appears to be a "Neuter Passive" construction.

ëkat'asyôni' -- I will make (myself?) a basket

ë- Future prefix, -k- 1sA/A prefix, -at- Middle prefix, -'ash- basket, -öny- make something [Simple]. Note the change of /sh/ to /sy/ before /ö/

ne' -- [particle]

ëtwötyéët -- it will be first

ë- Future prefix, -tw- IpA/A prefix, -atyeëht- be first, primary [Simple]. Note the exceptional change of the /a/ at the beginning of the verb base into a /ö/.

ëhsyëtihsák -- you will look for wood

ë- Future prefix, -hs- 2sA/C prefix, -yët- wood, -ihsak- look for something [Simple].

ne' -- [particle]

kanyö -- white ash tree

yeötakwææsös -- black ash tree

ye- FsA/C prefix, -yöt- wood, -a- Linker Vowel, -kwææs- pound wood [Habitual]. Literally people pound the wood Note that the initial /y/ of the incorporated noun base -yöt- is weak, and so is dropped out between two vowels.

ki'shë' -- perhaps, maybe

atúkë' -- ax

ehsyææ'ta'k -- you will be using it

(ë-)??? Future Prefix???, -hs- 2sA/C prefix, -yææ't- use something [Irregular K-Stative??]

ëhsetsíwët -- you will hammer

ë- Future prefix, -hse- 2sA/X prefix, -tsíw- hammer, -a's+ëht- drop something [Simple]

tuskë -- near, nearby

awôtyô -- it is thrown open

aw- NsP/Ö, -öty- throw something away [Stative]. This word refers to the way in which the splints peel off the log as you hit it with the ax. Note that the /w/ of the Pronominal prefix seems to be an idiolectal variant.

katúkê -- exactly

ka- NsA/C prefix, -tukë- be straight, exact [Stative]

niyu'hasték -- how strong it will be??

ni- Partitive prefix, -yu- NsP/X prefix, -'hast- be strong [K-Stative??]. Note that we would expect some type of Modal prefix here, which is apparently missing.

ëhsetsíwët -- you will hammer

ë- Future prefix, -hse- 2sA/X prefix, -tsíw- hammer, -a's+ëht- drop something [Simple]

nikaötés -- the length of the log

ni- Partitive prefix, -ka- NsA/C prefix, -höt- log, -es- be long [Stative]. Note that the initial /h/ of the incorporated noun root -höt- is weak, and so is dropped when it occurs between two vowels.

kanyu' -- when

ëthsateyëös -- you will know how for yourself

ët- Future + Cislocative prefixes, -hs- 2sA/A prefix, -ate- Middle prefix, -yë- know, -ös- Dative suffix [Simple]

ëhsyëtakwaás -- you will pound the wood

ë- Future prefix, -hs- 2sA/C prefix, -yët- wood, -a- Linker Vowel, -kwææs- pound wood [Simple]

wíyú -- it is good

w- NsA/I prefix, -iyu- be good [Stative]

nâ -- [particle]

shô -- just, only

ëtwötkææ' -- it will come apart

ët- Future + Cislocative prefixes, -w- NsA/A prefix, t...atkææ'w- something comes apart [Simple]. Note again the exceptional change of /a/ at the beginning of the verb base into /ö/.

tëwötekhahsi' -- it will separate out into several pieces

të- Dualic + Future prefixes, -w- NsA/A prefix, te...atekhahs- something splits apart into several pieces [Simple]. Note the regular change of the /a/ at the beginning of the verb base into /ö/.

khu -- and, too, also, as well

ta unë -- so now, and then

ne' -- [particle]

úwë'kææ' -- wood splint

ú NsP/L prefix, -wë'kæ- wood splint, -æ- Linker Vowel, -' Noun Suffix

ëhsatesyönyánô' -- you will get your things all ready

ë- Future prefix, -hs- 2sA/A prefix, -atesyönyánö- get your things ready [Simple]

kakanya'shæ' -- knife

ka- NsA/X prefix, -kanya'sh- knife, -æ- Linker Vowel, -' Noun Suffix

ehsyææ'ta'k -- you will be using it

(ë-)??? Future Prefix???, -hs- 2sA/C prefix, -yææ't- use something [Irregular K-Stative??]

ëhsawíyus -- you will make it good, smooth

ë- Future prefix, -hs- 2sA/A prefix, -awiyust- make something good, smooth [Simple]

tetsaökwá -- on both

testsaö both, -kwá [suffix]

nö'wôti -- which side

nö'- Partitive + Factual prefixes, -w- NsA prefix, -ati- be a side [Simple]

úwë'kææ' -- wood splint

ú NsP/L prefix, -wë'kæ- wood splint, -æ- Linker Vowel, -' Noun Suffix

ta unë -- so now, and then

tëhswë'kæænethahsi' -- you will take the wood splints apart

të- Dualic + Future prefixes, -hs- 2sA/C prefix -wë'kæ- wood splint, -æ- Linker Vowel, te...+nethahs- take something apart into pieces [Simple]

ëhsestya'k -- you will cut it up into pieces?

ë- Future prefix, -hse- 2sA/X prefix, -stya'k- cut something up into pieces? [Simple]

ne -- [particle]

kë'tôwë' -- bottom, base

k[ë-] NsA/I prefix, -i'töw- bottom, base, -ë- Linker Vowel, -' Noun Suffix

ne -- [particle]

ka'ashæ' -- basket

ka- NsA/X prefix, -'ash- basket, -æ- Linker Vowel, -' Noun Suffix

tekní skaé' -- twelve (12)

níyô -- that many, that amount

ni- Partitive prefix, -y- NsA/Ö prefix, -ö- be a certain amount, quantity [Stative]

sha'tewatakwëhtëôk -- they are flat together

sha'te- Coincident + Dualic prefixes, -w- NsA/A prefix, te...atakwëhtë- lay something out flat [K-Stative]. Note again the use of the K-Stative stem without a corresponding Modal prefix.

tyuhtô -- nine (9)

níyô -- that many, that amount

ni- Partitive prefix, -y- NsA/Ö prefix, -ö- be a certain amount, quantity [Stative]

sha'tewatakëhtö's -- they are layed out flat together???

sha'te- Coincident + Dualic prefixes, -w- NsA/A prefix, -atakwëhtö'- lay something out flat??? [Habitual???]. Apparently there is a /w/ missing from this form.

ëhsestya'k -- you will cut it up into pieces?

ë- Future prefix, -hse- 2sA/X prefix, -stya'k- cut something up into pieces? [Simple]

niwatakwëhtasyöök'aa -- it is in narrow strips ??

ni- Partitive prefix, -w- NsA/A prefix, -at- Middle prefix, -akwëht- be wide, -a- Linker Vowel, -syö- Distributive suffix == -atakwëhtasyö- various things be wide??? [K-Stative???], ni...'aa be small [Stative]. Very Strange Word.

ëwöthwatase'töôk -- you will be wrapping it around something

ë- Future prefix, -w- NsA/A prefix, -athwatase't- turn, wrap something around something else [K-Stative]. Note the expected change of /a/ at the beginning of the verb base into /ö/.

ne -- [particle]

kë'tôwë' -- bottom, base

k[ë-] NsA/I prefix, -i'töw- bottom, base, -ë- Linker Vowel, -' Noun Suffix

ëhsathwatáse' -- you will go around

ë- Future prefix, -hs- 2sA/A prefix, -athwatase- go around [Simple]

ne' -- [particle]

ehsyææ'ta'k -- you will be using it

(ë-)??? Future Prefix???, -hs- 2sA/C prefix, -yææ't- use something [Irregular K-Stative??]

niwatakwëhta's'aa -- they are narrow

ni- Partitive prefix, -w- NsA/A prefix, ni...atakwëhta's'aa several things be narrow [Stative]

niyúwe' -- how far, how deep

ni- Partitive prefix, -yu- NsP/C prefix, -w- be a ceratin distance, depth [Stative]

si -- other, elsewhere???

nö'téyô -- how many of those???

nö'te- Partitive + Dualic prefixes, -y- NsA/Ö prefix, -ö- be a certain amount [Stative]

sehesöôk -- you are wanting it????

kanyu' -- when

ëhsates'á' -- you will be prepared

ë- Future prefix, -hs- 2sA/a prefix, -ates'a- prepare yourself [Simple]

nö'téyô -- how many of those???

nö'te- Partitive + Dualic prefixes, -y- NsA/Ö prefix, -ö- be a certain amount [Stative]

sehés -- you want

ëhsnö'skeutút -- ???

níyô -- that many, that amount

ni- Partitive prefix, -y- NsA/Ö prefix, -ö- be a certain amount, quantity [Stative]

néwa' -- now, this time

ti -- [particle]

ëthsuwæku'hae' -- ???

ta unë -- and then

tëthsekwathu' -- you will bend, fold it back in??

tët- Dualic + Future + Cislocative prefixes, -hse- 2sA/X prefix, +kwathw- bend, fold something [Simple]

ta unë -- and then

tëhsata'ënöë' -- you will hem the top of the basket

të- Dualic + Future prefixes, -hs- 2sA/A prefixes, -at- Middle prefix, -a'ën- pole, bow, -ö- Linker Vowel, -he- put something on somethingelse [Simple]. Note that the /h/ at the beginning of the verb base is weak, and so is dropped when it comes between two vowels.

usthöö -- a little, some, somewhat, not much

u- NsP/X prefix, -sthö- be little, few, not much [Stative]

ëkatësöôk -- it will be thicker

ë- Future prefix, -ka- NsA/C prefix, -tës- something be thick [Irregular K-Stative]

tsyukæækás -- hickory

ökye -- inside, on the inside

astékwá -- outside, on the outside

aste outside, -kwá Directional clitic

khu -- and, too, also, as well

ta unë -- and now, so then

ëhsathwatáse' -- you will wrap it around it??

ë- Future prefix, -hs- 2sA/A prefix, -athwatase- go around [Simple]

kakwékö -- all, everything

ka- NsA/X prefix, -kwek- be all, every [Stative]

ëkayénô' -- it will grab it

ë- Future prefix, -ka- NsA/C prefix, -yenö- grab, catch something [Simple]

niwatakwëhta'aa -- it is narrow

ni- Partitive prefix, -w- NsA/A prefix, ni...atakwëhta'aa something be narrow [Stative]

tsyukæækás -- hickory

kasyönya'tö -- it is made out of it

ka- NsA/X prefix, -syönya't- make something out of something [Stative]

ne -- [particle]

atáshæ' -- handle

atash- handle, -æ Linker Vowel, -' Noun Suffix. Note that there is a somewhat different form of this word, atashææ' [WC:133]