Thënötekhönya'tahkwa'ke

2. Weê nô kanötakô heunénô, këötanëhkwi hnihse'.
They went away up the valley on horseback.

3. Ne' twênishätényök ne thënötekhönya'tahkwa'ke te'aö te'aayötekhôni' te'sôká' ökwe'ôwe.
In those days no Indians were allowed to eat in restaurants.

4. Ne' ne huné'ö ki'shë' te'sôká' te'aaöwötiyêté', ne' së'ë ne weê thatinöke'.
They figured maybe nobody would recognize them so far from home.

5. Ne' tkaiôni huné'ö thënötekhönya'tahkwa'ke aányatekhönyáne'.
That's why they decided to go and eat in a restaurant.

6. Te'wêtö n-aksút tényatênôté' teutekhönínö' ne thënötekhönya'tahkwa'ke.
My grandmother's cousin had never eaten in a restaurant before.

7. Shaöwöyaôtô', "Na'u't aasnekeä'?", shakëöhsé na'u't ti'kwa te'kanuô' aatyénekëô'.
When she asked him what he would drink, he told her just whatever was easiest for her.

8. "Na'u't ëhsnekeä', únekatsi', úneka'taiê, unö'kwa', ëkí utsiyaki', na'u't ëhsnekeä'?" sa'ákë'.
She said again, "What do you want to drink, coffee, tea, milk, or juice?"

9. Waëhsêthu' ne hu'ni.
His father kicked him.

10. "Na'u't niyu'tê?" waë'. "Usthô kës tëkahatheák."
"What's the matter?" he said. "I'm just being polite."

11. Ne' kwá ne hu'ní waasháni't ne' aaöwötiyêté' ne' hënökwe'ôwe.
But his father was afraid she would recognize them for being Indians.

12. "Únekatsi' ëônekeä'," waë' shô.
"He'll take coffee," is all he said.

Glossary

unëhtsi -- long ago

unë- now, at that time, -htsi Intensifier suffix

thsiökwe'tásé' -- when he was a young man

thsi- Coincidental prefix, -h- MsA/Ö prefix, -ökwe't- person, -ase- be new [Basic Stative]. Note that the -h- of the MsA/Ö prefix is weak, and so it is dropped out when it would come between two vowels.

aksút -- my grandmother

ne tényatênôté' -- they two are cousins

wányahtêti' -- those two guys went

wa- Factual prefix, -ny- MdA/A prefix, -ahtëty- go [Simple Factual]. Note that the MdA/A prefix -ny- makes the preceding vowel long.

ne höwö'ni -- his father

khu -- and

téniyashé -- the two of them are a pair

te- Dualic prefix, -ni- MdA/C prefix, te...yashe- be a pair [Basic Stative]. Note that the MdA/C prefix -ni- makes the preceding vowel long.

tényatí -- the two of them together

te- Dualic prefix, -ny- MdA/A, te...ati- two people be together [Basic Stative]. Note that the MdA/A prefix -ny- makes the preceding vowel long.

weê -- far away

nô -- probably

kanötakô -- in the valley

ka- NsA prefix, -nöt- mountain, -a- Linker Vowel, -kô Internal Locative Suffix. Literally, "inside/under the mountain".

heunénô -- they went away there

he- Transloactaive prefix, -hun- MpP/E prefix, he...enö- go away there [Basic Stative].

këötanëhkwi -- horse

k[ë]- NsA/I prefix, -yöt- log, -a- Linker Vowel, -nëhkwi- haul, carry something away [Basic Habitual]. Literally "it hauls logs".

hnihse' -- two guys are riding horseback

hni- MdA/X prefix, -hs- ride horseback [Basic Imperfective].

ne' twênishätényök -- in those days

t- Cislocative prefix, -w- NsA/Ë prefix, -ênish- day, -ä- Linker Vowel, -tenyö- be around [Habitual Past]

ne thënötekhönya'tahkwa'ke -- in/at the restaurant

t- Cislocative prefix, -hën- MpA prefix, -ate- Middle prefix, -khw- food -öny- make, -a- Linker Vowel, -'t- Causative suffix, -a- Linker Vowel, -hkw- Instrumental suffix, -a'- Habitual, -ke External Locative Suffix

te'aö -- it is not possible

te'aayötekhôni' -- people cannot eat

te'- Negative prefix, -aa- Optative prefix, -y[ö]- FsA/A prefix, -atekhöny- have a meal [Simple Optative].

te'sôká' -- no one, nobody

te'- Negative prefix, sôká' someone, anyone

ökwe'ôwe -- Indian, Native American

ökwe- person, -'ôwe Authenticator suffix. Lit. "real person"

ne' ne huné'ö -- they figured, decided

hun- MpP/E prefix, -e'ö- decide, figure [Basic Stative].

ki'shë' -- perhaps, maybe

te'sôká' -- no one, nobody

te'- Negative prefix, sôká' someone, anyone

te'aaöwötiyêté' -- they would not know them

te'- Negative prefix, -aa- Optative prefix, -höwöti- 3p/Mp/C prefix, -yëte- know, be aware of [Simple]. Note that the h of the 3p/Mp/C prefix is weak, and so is dropped out when it comes between two vowels.

ne' së'ë -- because, since

ne weê -- far away

thatinöke' -- they live there

t- Cislocative prefix, -hati- MpA/C prefix, t...nök- live somewhere [Basic Stative]

ne' tkaiôni -- that's why

t- Cislocative prefix, -ka- NsA/C prefix, -iöny- make the matter [Basic Habitual].

ne' ne huné'ö -- they figured, decided

hun- MpP/E prefix, -e'ö- decide, figure [Basic Stative].

ne thënötekhönya'tahkwa'ke -- in/at the restaurant

t- Cislocative prefix, -hën- MpA prefix, -ate- Middle prefix, -khw- food -öny- make, -a- Linker Vowel, -'t- Causative suffix, -a- Linker Vowel, -hkw- Instrumental suffix, -a'- Habitual, -ke External Locative Suffix

aányatekhönyáne' -- the two guys would go to eat

aa- Optative prefix, -ny- MdA/A prefix, -atekhönyán- go to eat [Optative Imperfective]. Note that the MdA/A prefix -ny- makes the preceding vowel long.

te'wêtö -- never, at no time

te'- Negative prefix, wêtö when

n-aksút -- my grandmother

tényatênôté' -- they two are cousins

te- Dualic prefix, -ny- MdA/A prefix, te...atênöte- be cousins [Basic Stative]. Note that the MdA/A prefix -ny- makes the preceding vowel long.

teutekhönínö' -- he had not eaten

te- Negative prefix, -h[u]- MsP/A prefix, -atekhöny- have a meal [Stative Past].

ne thënötekhönya'tahkwa'ke -- in/at the restaurant

t- Cislocative prefix, -hën- MpA prefix, -ate- Middle prefix, -khw- food -öny- make, -a- Linker Vowel, -'t- Causative suffix, -a- Linker Vowel, -hkw- Instrumental suffix, -a'- Habitual, -ke External Locative Suffix

shaöwöyaôtô' -- when she asked him

sh- Coincident prefix, -a- Factual prefix, -höwöy- Fs/Ms/A prefix, -aötö- ask [Simple Factual]

na'u't aasnekéä' -- what you would drink

na'u't what, what kind of thing, aa- Optative prefix, -s- 2sA/L prefix, -neke- drink [Simple Optative].

shakëöhsé -- he answered back to her

shak- Ms/Fs/Ë prefix, -ëöhse- say to someone [Basic Stative]

na'u't ti'kwa -- whatever

na'u't what, what kind of thing, ti'kwa whether, if

te'kanuô' -- it is not hard, expensive

te'- Negative prefix, -ka- NsA/C prefix, -nuö- be hard, expensive [Basic Stative]

aatyénekëô' -- she would bring the drink

aa- Optative prefix, -t- Cislocative prefix, -yé- FsA/L prefix, -nek- drink, t...ëö- bring something [Simple Optative]

na'u't ëhsnekeä' -- what you will drink

na'u't what, what kind of thing, ë- Future prefix, -hs- 2sA/L prefix, -neke- drink [Simple Future]

únekatsi' -- coffee

ú- NsP/L prefix, -nek- drink, -atsi- be dark [Basic Stative]. Lit. "dark water, dark drink"

úneka'taiê -- tea

ú- NsP/L prefix, -nek- drink, - a'taië- be warm, hot [Basic Stative]

unö'kwa' -- milk

u- NsP/C prefix, -nö'kw- milk, -a- Linker Vowel, -' Basic Noun Suffix

ëkí -- or

utsíyaki' -- juice

u- NsP/X prefix, -tsíy- fruit, -a- Linker Vowel, -ki- be a liquid [Basic Stative]

na'u't ëhsnekeä' -- what you will drink

na'u't what, what kind of thing, ë- Future prefix, -hs- 2sA/L prefix, -neke- drink [Simple Future]

sa'ákë' -- she said it again

s- Repetitive prefix, -a'- Factual prefix, -ak- FsA/Ë prefix, -ë- say [Simple Factual]

waëëhsêthu' -- he kicked, he gave a kick

wa- Factual prefix, -h- MsA/Ë prefix, -ëëhsëthw- kick [Simple Factual]. Note that the -h- of the MsA/Ë prefix is weak, and so it is dropped out when it would come between two vowels.

ne hu'ni -- his father

na'u't niyu'tê? -- what's the matter?

na'u't such, what, niyu'tê it's that kind of thing

waë' -- he said

wa- Factual prefix, -h- MsA/Ë prefix, -ë- say something [Simple Factual]. Note that the -h- of the MsA/Ë prefix is weak, and so it is dropped out when it would come between two vowels.

usthöö -- just a little

u- NsP/X prefix, -sthö- be little, small [Basic Stative].

kës -- often, frequently

tëkahatheák -- it will keep becoming light

të- Dualic + Future prefixes, -ka- NsA prefix, te...hathe- it becomes light out [Future Habitual]. [Idiomatic expression, to be a little polite]

ne' -- [sentential particle]

kwá -- but, however

ne hu'ni -- his father

waashani't -- he was afraid

wa- Factual prefix, -ha- MsA/X prefix, -sháni'- be afraid of something [Simple Factual]. Note that the -h- of the MsA/X prefix is weak, and so it is dropped out when it would come between two vowels.

ne' -- [sentential particle]

aaöwöyêté' -- she would know, recognize them

aa- Optative prefix, -höwöti- Fs/Mp/C prefix, -yëte- know, recognize someone [Simple Optative]. Note that the -h- of the Fs/Ms/C prefix is weak, and so it is dropped out when it would come between two vowels.

ne' -- [sentential particle]

hënökwe'ôwe -- they (masc) are Indians

hën- MpA/Ö prefix, -ökwe'ôwe. Indian, Native American.

únekatsi' -- coffee

ú- NsP/L prefix, -nek- water, liquid, -atsi- be dark [Basic Stative]. Literally "dark water, dark liquid".

ëônekeæ' -- he will drink

ë- Future prefix, -há- MsA/L prefix, -neke- drink something [Simple Future]. Note that the -h- of the MsA/L prefix is weak, and so is droppeed out when it woul come between two vowels. Note then that the -á- comes immediately after -ë-. The -á- is changed into -ô- due to the rule of Contagious Vowel Nasalization.

waë' -- he said

wa- Factual prefix, -h- MsA/Ë prefix, -ë- say something [Simple Factual]. Note that the -h- of the MsA/Ë prefix is weak, and so it is dropped out when it would come between two vowels.

shô - just, only